Different Types of Electrical Distribution Board

When it comes to dealing with electricity and electrical components, the electrical distribution board plays an important role. They are crucial for carrying adequate levels of electricity across the circuit for every electrical appliance to function smoothly. Electrical distribution boards are mostly used in residential, as well as office buildings for maintaining a consistent flow of energy. 

What are Electrical Distribution Boards?

Large office and residential buildings are heavily dependent on electrical distribution boards for the distribution of electricity to their occupants. In most residential buildings, the electrical distribution board serves as the main supply source for electrical power. 

It is the distribution cable in the electrical distribution boards that electricity supplying cables branch out from, to secondary circuits across circuit breakers that connect various electrical appliances. As the electrical distribution board disperses the power to secondary circuits, they are responsible for maintaining proper power regulation across all circuits. Moreover, they are also helpful in protecting electrical appliances from electrical surges and spikes and are the best stabilizer for the home.

Components of Distribution Boards

Distribution boards are an essential part of any electrical installation as they act as a central point for the distribution of electrical power. They come in different types of distribution board in electrical, each with its own specific set of components. Here are the components of distribution boards:

1. Circuit Breakers or Fuses

Circuit breakers or fuses are safety devices that protect electrical installations from overloads and short circuits. They are essential components of distribution board as they help to prevent electrical fires and other hazards.

2. Busbars

Busbars are conductors that are used to distribute power within the distribution board. They are made of copper or aluminum and are designed to carry high currents without overheating.

3. Main Switch

The main switch is used to disconnect the power supply to the distribution board. It is typically located at the top of the distribution board and is used to turn off the power to the entire electrical installation.

4. Residual Current Devices (RCDs)

RCDs are safety devices that detect electrical leakage or current imbalances and disconnect the power supply to the electrical installation. They help to prevent electrical shocks and electrocution.

5. Meters

Meters are used to measure the amount of electrical energy consumed by the electrical installation. They are often located on the front panel of the distribution board and can be read by the utility company to bill the customer.

6. Surge Protection Devices

Surge protection devices are used to protect electrical installations from voltage spikes or surges. They are essential components of distribution boards as they help to prevent damage to electrical equipment.

Distribution boards are crucial components of any electrical installation, and their components play a vital role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of the electrical system. Understanding the components of different types of distribution boards in electrical systems can help you choose the right one for your specific application.

Types of Electrical Distribution Boards

Electrical distribution boards can be classified into multiple types depending on their design, purpose, and other factors. Some types are mentioned as below:

• Main Breaker Panel:

Main breaker panels are among the most popular and are frequently used as a stabilizer for homes. These electrical distribution boards are effective in protecting the secondary electrical circuits and are also able to track the amperage power flowing across the circuits. They help determine when to step up or step down the flow of electricity depending on the requirements of the connected device. The main breaker distribution panel is secured by connecting it to power breakers, which can also prevent overheating a circuit. 

• Main Lug Panel:

In the main lug panel, the electrical lines are designed to run through lugs, and a circuit breaker is connected to them. This plays a vital role in disconnecting the meter during emergencies, as the main lug panel is particularly designed and used to determine whether the main power line has upstream current flowing through it. In cases of unnaturally high power through the electrical lines in the lug panel, the power breaker is triggered, and the power meter minimizes the current immediately.

• Subpanels:

Subpanels are frequently used because of the safety these electrical distribution boards provide. Subpanels have a smaller design and are convenient for handling. The subpanel is usually connected to the main power line of the household, and can then be used for the transmission of power to different parts of the house so that all connected appliances can function efficiently.  

• Fuse Boxes:

Like main breaker panels, fuse boxes are also readily used across residences and office buildings because of their affordability. It serves as a consumer device to control and distribute all the electricity it receives from the main power line to secondary circuits. The fuse box can be essentially divided into sections like the main switch, male and female sockets, residual current devices, and circuit breakers. The fuse box is usually installed in a strategic location in the building from where it can easily serve its purpose and can be accessed during times of crisis. 

Safety Tips When Using Distribution Boards 

Distribution boards are an essential part of any electrical installation, but they can be hazardous if not used properly. Here are some safety tips to keep in mind when using distribution boards:

1. Keep the distribution board accessible

Distribution boards should always be easily accessible. Do not place anything in front of them that could block access in case of an emergency.

2. Do not overload the circuit

Overloading the circuit can cause overheating, which can lead to electrical fires. Make sure to distribute the load evenly across the circuit and avoid using too many electrical appliances at the same time.

3. Turn off the power when working on the board

Before working on different types of distribution board in electrical, turn off the power supply to the entire electrical installation. This will help prevent electrical shocks and other hazards.

4. Hire a qualified electrician

Only hire a qualified electrician to install or repair the distribution board. Attempting to do it yourself or hiring an unqualified person can lead to serious injury or damage to the electrical system.

5. Regular maintenance

Regular maintenance of the distribution board is important to ensure its safe and efficient operation. Have it inspected by a qualified electrician at least once a year to check for any signs of wear or damage.

6. Use proper personal protective equipment (PPE)

Always wear proper PPE, such as insulated gloves and safety glasses, when working with different distribution board types. This will help protect you from electrical shocks and other hazards.

In a nutshell, distribution boards are an important component of any electrical installation, but they can also be dangerous if not used properly. Following these safety tips can help ensure that you use your distribution board safely and efficiently.

Electrical Distribution Boards from Schneider Electric

To protect your appliances during an electrical surge, or spikes during a thunderstorm, Schneider Electric offers several high-end MCBs that can be connected to your electrical distribution board to regulate the electrical flow. 

• Acti 9 MCB 

These MCBs are standard countermeasures for overloads and SC. They are also affordable and extremely compatible across a wide range of devices like bulbs, heaters, and more. They have the shortest response time, and can effectively protect your electrical appliances from burnouts. These MCBs are available in 6A, 10A, 16A, and 63A variants for use around the house. These MCBs serve as the best stabilizers for LED TV and other household devices.

Final Words

If you are looking for quality electrical distribution boards and all their components at affordable prices, Schneider Electric is the store for you to visit. It is a one-stop destination for all your electrical requirements and solutions. The Schneider Electric store has a wide selection of electrical components and products, including electrical distribution boards, MCCBs, RCCBs, and many more. Schneider Electric has delivered products across the globe and has emerged as one of the most reliable electric brands in India. Protect your household electric appliances with some help from the Schneider Electric online store.