When it comes to electrical wiring, one should be very attentive while choosing the type of wire as it is a matter of safety, reliability and efficiency of future power supply. Electrical wires are the conductors that enable the circulation of electric power in homes and distribute it to various gadgets and clothes. However, not all wires are of the same kind, and various types of wires are made for different setups and conditions. In this article, you will learn the various types of wire, some of the specific uses of the wire and some tips for choosing the right wire for your home.
A wire is an elongated conductive structure made commonly from copper or aluminium which transports electrical current. These are core parts in any electrical circuit where they act as pathways conductors of electricity from sources to loads. The construction, material and insulation differ based on their usage and hence, to help make the right choice for your home, the following subcategories of wire are elaborated.
Below are the different types of wires used in house wiring.
Single conductor or solid conductor wires are of great use in home electrical systems. It is constructed from one continuous piece of metal such as copper or aluminium, coated with an insulating material that can be PVC. These wires are normally employed in general wiring applications like switches, outlets and lights.
Multi-conductor wires are an array of individual conductor wires enclosed in a single jacket. These wires are normally incorporated in several wires that require to be connected into a single power source or a single device. Multi-conductor wires are provided in a variety of forms and include twisted pair and shielded types.
Coaxial cables are a special category of wires used to carry high frequency signals like those applied in the cable television networks, internet connections and radio frequency links. Such cables are made of a core conductor, enclosing an insulating layer, followed by a metal braid or screen, with an extra outer insulation sheath.
Cable networking devices like ethernet cables are used to connect the networking devices to the internet or in the formation of LAN. These cables are made up of multiple pairs of insulated wires that are twisted on each other to reduce the effects of electromagnetic interferences.
Another type of cable is called the twisted pair cables which is applied in the transmission of data signals, including telephone and computer networks. These cables contain two insulated wires twisted around each other with a view of minimising interconnection with other devices.
These consist of long strands of glass that are used to relay signals in the form of 'light' over prolonged distances at tremendous speed. Fibre optic cables include a core of glass or plastic surrounded by insulation layers and outer protection layer. The core also uses light to transmit the data signals, which implies that the transmission is both faster and of better quality.
Read More - How to Find the Suitable Size of Cable & Wire for Electrical Wiring Installation?
Choosing the best electric wire for house wiring requires consideration in order to avoid dangerous shock currents, low efficiency and many other hazards. Here are some key factors to consider when choosing the best wire for your home:
Wire gauge is the term used to describe the thickness of the wire, and from it, you can determine its ability to carry current. Standard wire thickness is specified using the American Wire Gauge (AWG) system. The number beside it is called the American Wire Gauge or AWG, and the lower the number, the thicker the wire is, and thus, the more current it can handle. If you are trying to compare one wire gauge with another, you may need to look at the electric load of the products that will be connected. For instance, 14-gauge is suitable for the lighting circuits, and 12-gauge wire is suitable for use in the outlets.
The type of insulation material used on the wire determines its endurance and compatibility with such conditions. Common insulation types include:
Temperature rating of a wire is a measure of how high a temperature the wire can afford to reach before it gets damaged. This is particularly important in regions where the wire could overheat for instance in regions close to a heater or in an attic. It is advisable to select the wire with a temperature that surpasses the highest environmental temperature in the installation area.
The voltage rating tells about the maximum voltage the wire can handle at a given time. Rising above this rating can lead to insulation failure and an increase in the risk level of an electric shock. Check that the wire has the correct voltage rating for that particular application. For most residential wiring, a voltage rating of 600 volts is adequate.
Think of the conditions under which the wire is to be run. For instance if wire is to be used in an area with moisture or buried underground, that is in direct burial application, ask for a cable that has direct burial characteristics or UF cable.
Read Also - Stranded vs. Solid Wire: Optimal Choice and Reasons
Choosing the right wires for your home can be challenging. However, this guide will help you make the right choice to make the wiring of your house safe and reliable. You can conveniently shop for different types of electrical wire from the eShop of Schneider Electric.
Ans: When installing electrical wires in a home, safety is paramount. Ensure that the wires are properly insulated, avoid overloading circuits, use appropriate wire gauges, and follow local electrical codes. It's also crucial to turn off the power at the main circuit breaker before starting any electrical work.
Ans: Outdoor electrical wires are designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions, such as moisture and extreme temperatures. While they can be used indoors, they are generally more expensive and bulkier than indoor wires. It's best to use indoor-specific wires unless you need the added protection for specific areas.
Ans: Signs that your home's electrical wiring may need an upgrade include frequent circuit breaker trips, flickering lights, outdated knob-and-tube wiring, and insufficient outlets. If you notice any of these issues, it's advisable to consult a licensed electrician to assess your home's wiring.
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